Starting device for mercury-vapor apparatus.



PATENTED JULY 21, 1908. G. SGHWARZ & J. AMON. STARTING DEVICE FORMERCURY VAPOR APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED HAT-16.1906.

e c lmr X a m a 71/ now riots 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Sieo S 5511 W G M01431 Q law G. SGHWARZ 5; I. AMON. STARTING DEVICE FORMERCURY VAPOR APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 26. 1906,

PATENTED JULY 21, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

19M440 one o STATES PATENT oFFIo enonea scHwA'Rz AND-'J'OSEE AMON, OFNEW YORK, N. Y.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownth sub'ect of the Emperor in t e cit of New Yor State ofewYork, andJo of the Emperor of Austri in the cit of New York, New Yor,have jointly the 4 ordinar sockets, sue

use; and fourt constructlon of the mercury va or invention Figure 1 relamp; Fig. 2 1s a secti vice on l1ne aa, section of the soc magnet andau sectional view 0 5, 6, 7 and 8 are are starting device.

In Fig. 1, e is the the lamp; it ma suitable form.

In rod his a contracted from one end to the ot the leg 7' to a point onbulb e; a similar pass e end to end of the rod asis 1n common commercias to be described.

the exterior of t STARTING DEVICE FOR nBCUBY-YAPOB APPARATUS.

--s,..smao.. of Letters Patent. Patented m 21, 1908. Application M m so,1006. and ms. 901,000.

of Germany, residin metal anode m is .fixed, the cathode, conin thecounty an sistingof a bod of mercu n, is placed in. sEFAMomasub'eet thebottom of t e bulb e. l aHungary,resi in county and State 0 is a metal11 the isfirst, to pro- The wire w with its msulating coating is ans forinitiatcurved at the top, as shown at 2, so that one the circuitinwhichthe gas or free end of. the wire 16 contacts with the vapor is included;second, to furnish acommercury while the other free end 17 conactcommercial form of lighting device or tacts' with t amp in which thecircuit; third character described throui suita le socket is shown inFig. 3.

e eReferring to Fig. 3 a porce rings or enlargements 14, 15,1on the rodh GEORGE SCHWARZ, a near the top thereof between which the connectin thecell d with the bul 0 wire w, preferably of platinum, invented certainnew incased in a cylinder of vitreous enamel v; and useful Improvemevices for Mercury-Vap the following is a sp This invention relates to apwhich an inclosed g an electric circuit.

The object of the'invention vide improved automatic me ing or startingpasses through the wall of the cell (1 to glass inclosing bulb ofelectrical contact with the mercury the be cylindrical or of an otherend of the coil is connected to t e int the bottom of the bulb e sulatedconductor 112 which in turn is conand inte a1 therewith, is d; the col(1 is connected of the bulb e by enlarged at the section of glass g, theconnecting device There is a rod of g1 stantially like those end of thebulb t ain section 13 extends from forms the basis of the socket;'Within the through the leg '5 shell 1) is. an electro-magnet 30 havinga holterminatin on the interior of the bulb e low core 31, an armature32 elevated by a near the ottom thereof. There are two compressionspring 33, and a coller 34 of nts in Starting Dethe exterior diameter of'v is approximately 5 or Apparatus, of which the same as the interior ofthe passage due allowance being made for a reasonab e deparatus in greeof expansion. The wire w with its as or vapor is lncluded in .coatingofenamel '0 forms a plunger or piston like device 2:, which slides in thepassage f.

he mercury n in the bulb .e. gas or vapor is included in The cell (1 isfilled with a thermal device or fifOVldG a lamp of the material g whichhas a, high co-eificient of 'ch can be applied to expansion andcontraction on being subform of incandescent lam jected to variations oftemperature. Mercury is preferred vbecause its expansive h, to improveand sim lify the property under the effect of increasing heat Iamp 1ssufficiently marked. Normally the Wire he accompanying drawings ustratethe w electrically unites the mercury n and the mercury y. In closeproximit to the merpresents a vertical section of a cury 'y there is aheat coil q; t 's consists of on of the starting dea number ofconvolutions of insulated wire Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a vertical havingsuitable resistance. It is preferred, ket containing the electrotoprovide a helical groove 20 on the exterior xiliary devices; Fig. 4 is aof the cell (1 toreceive this heat co'il g; and n the line b.b, Fig. 3;Figs. to protect it by a shell or cover of insula modified forms of theinitlal material 21. One end of the heat 0 ting an auxiliary cel nectedto the contact 22. The conductor with the interior 113 connects themercury n with the con a passage f. The bulb e is 23; contact 24 iselectrically connected with top where there is a solid the anode m byconductor 40; the contacts purpose of receiving 22, 23, and 24 on thebase of the lamp register with correspondin contacts in a fixed ass hextending from one socket, all arranged su b o the other at about the inthe well known EdlSOIl incandescent axial line. The rod h is .bifurcatedat the lam The circuit connections exterior to bottom, the two legsbeing shown at t and j. the amp are diagrammatically represented assage1 2 extendin in Fi 1, and a mechanical arrangement of a non-magneticmaterial fixed to the armature 32 to guide its movements with respect tothe core. 35 is a contact sto for the armature 32; armature 32 is eectrically connected with the contact 122, through the spring 33, thecore 31 and electrical conductor 36. The ring 124 is electricallyconnected with one terminal of magnet 30 by the screw 46 and the screwthreaded shell 123 is electrically connected to the binding post 37 bythe screw 38. The binding post 39 is electrically connected to oneterminal of the resistance coil 1' and to the second terminal ofelectro-magnet coil 30. These circuits are shown diagrammatically inFig. 1, where sis a hand operated double pole switch.

The 0 eration of the apparatus is as follows: When the switch 8 isclosed the mains are connected with the lamp circuit. Current passes topost 39, resistance 7, contact 35, armature 32, contact 122, contact 22,conductor 112, heat coils q, mercury y, wire w, mercury n, Wire 113 tocontact 23 to 123 to switch s. Mercury y under the effects of thecurrent in heat coil q expands, immediately lifting the plunger 0; andbreaking contact between the wire terminal- 17 and the surface of themercury 1 n, where an are forms, vapor is generated and an arc is sprungbetween the anode m and the cathode n enveloping the tube h, whichthereby casts no shadow. When the circuit is broken at 17 anew circuitis established through 39 via 30, 124, 24, 40, anode m, the vapor arc,mercury n, conductor 113 to. 23, to 123 to switch 8; armature 32 isattracted and the circuit through resistance r, conductor 112, includingwire w, is 'o ened between 32 and 35. The inclosing bulb e isstrengthened by the rod h and the luminous gas or are envelo s rod 72.thus avoiding a shadow. The con uctors 112 and 113 are located in tube hby preference but in Figs. 6', 7 and 8, these conductors are placed inthe wall of the bulb e. In Fig. 5, the heat coil 1 is placed inside thecell (1; there is a glass stem 60 covered with asbestos 61 and this issurrounded by an iron sleeve 62. The heat coil g is located on this ironcore and is insulated with a vitreous enamel coating 63. One end of theheat coil q connects with the mercury, the other end is connected withthe wire 112, and the contact 22. The operation is the same as thatdescribed in respect to Fig. 1.

In Fig. 6 the plunger x carries a cup 50 having a slotted perforation at51. When the plunger is forced upward into the osition shown in dottedlines the mercury ows through the perforation and when the flow sto s anarc is formed.

11 Fig. 7 the heat coil is shown at the to of the bulb 0; when thelunger a: is force upward an arc is formed between the terminal of thewire at 17 and the anode m.

In Fig. 8 the starter is located in the top 7 of the bulb e, the otherparts being as shown in Fig. 1. One end 16 of the plunger :1: extendsinto the mercury 'y'in the cell (1. The end 17 of the plu er wireextends down into the mercury n in t e bottom of the bulb e, located asshown in Fig. 1. The 0 eration of these modified devices issubstantially the same as above described.

In Figs. 7 and 8 where the auxiliary cell d is located at the topof bulbe there is a transverse brace or partition t preferably of glassarranged to support the cell (i.

Whatwe claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination in an a paratus of the character described of two eectrodes, a

circuit therefor, and a branch circuit including a plunger and a heatcoil to control the plunger.

2. The combination in a paratus of the character described of two eectrodes, a circuit therefor, and a starting device in a branch circuitconsisting of a movable contact and a thermal controller therefor.

3. The combination man a paratus of the character described of twoeectrodes, a circuit therefor, and a starting device consisting of amovable, arcing contact and a controlling device therefor operated byheat.

4. The combination in an a paratus of the character described of two eectrodes, a circuit therefor, a starting device in a branch circuitconsisting of a movable contact, a

thermal controlling device and means for opening the branch circuit andestablishing the maln circuit.

5. The combination in a vapor. lamp of two main electrodes, aninclosing, bulb therefor, an auxiliary cell forming art of said bulb, apassage between the ce and bulb, a thermal device in close proximity tothe cell, a plunger in the passage normally connecting the thermaldevice with the cathode,

main circuit connections for the main electrodes, a branch circuitincluding said plunger and means for opening the branch circuit andclosing the main circuit.

6. The combination in a vapor lamp of two main electrodes, an inclosingbulb therefor, an auxiliary cell forming art of said bulb, a passagebetween the ce and bulb,

a thermal device in close proximity to the cell, a plunger in thepassagenormally connecting the thermal device with the cathode, maincircuit connections for the main electrodes, a branch circuit includingsaid plunger, means for automatically opening said branch circuit andmeans for closing the ma n circuit.' i

7. The combinationin avapor lamp of two main electrodes, an inclosingbulb therefor, an auxiliary cell forming bulb, a passage-between the ccand bulb, a body-9f mercury in the cell, a plun er in the passageelectrically connecting t e main,

art of said.

for, an auxiliar.

mercury electrode with the mercur in the cell, main circuit connectionsfor t e main electrodes, a branch circuit including said plunger, meansfor opening the branch circuit and means for closing the main circuit.

8. The combination in a vapor lamp of two main electrodes, an inclosingbulb therecell forming art of said bulb, a passage etween the cel andbulb, a body of mercury in the cell, a plunger in the passageelectrically connectin the mercury electrode with the mercury in thecell, a heat coil for the auxiliary cell, main circuit connections forthe main electrodes, a branch circuit includin said plunger and coilmeans for automatical y opening the branch circuit and means for closingthe main circuit.

9. In an apparatus of the character described the combination with themain electrodes of a separable contact, main circuit connections for themain electrodes, a branch circuit for the separable contacts, means forautomatically opening the branch circuit means for automatically closingthe main circuit and passages in the walls of the inclosing device forthe conductors of said circuits. a

10. The combination in a vapor lamp of an inclosing bulb, electrodes inthe bulb, an are starting device carried on said bulb, a base for saidlamp, fixed contacts on said base, electrical connections between theelectrodes and are starting device and said contacts, a suitablefixedsocket, fixed contacts in the socket forming the terminals of main lineand branch circult connections, an electromagnetic switch in said socketsuitably connected to said contacts and means for mechanically and searably uniting the lamp base with said soc et whereb electrical contactson the base register with corresponding electrical contacts in thesocket.

GEORGE SCHWARZ. JOSEF AMON.

